Agriculture · Egypt = world's top importer

Wheat Price.

Wheat is Africa's food-security commodity: Egypt is the world's largest wheat importer, and bread prices from Cairo to Lagos track the global benchmark plus freight. Local harvests in Ethiopia, Egypt and South Africa matter — but the import price is the one that moves budgets and headlines.

Global benchmark
$199.65
-9.61%USD per metric tonFRED commodity benchmarks · 8 Aug 2026
African layer

Country-level prices

What the farmer is actually paid — farmgate, exchange and export prices the global benchmark never shows.

Landing soon

Country-level farmgate and exchange prices for wheat — sourced from Egypt, Ethiopia, South Africa regulators — are being wired in. Each will carry its source, cadence and as-of date.

History

Benchmark price history

1 Nov 20251 Jun 2026
Production

Africa's role

Africa's share
Egypt = world's top importer
Top producers
Egypt · Ethiopia · South Africa · Morocco
Seasonality
North African harvests run roughly May–July; Ethiopia and South Africa harvest late in the year. Africa consumes far more wheat than it grows, so import prices set the cost of bread.
Methodology

The global benchmark is sourced from public EIA/FRED series. African country-level prices are seasonal regulator announcements and exchange reports, each stored with its source, cadence and as-of date. Prices are for informational purposes only and are not real-time.

Frequently Asked

Wheat FAQ

Which African countries grow wheat?
Egypt, Ethiopia, South Africa and Morocco are Africa's main wheat growers, but the continent is a large net importer — Egypt alone is the world's biggest wheat buyer.
Why does the wheat price matter so much in Africa?
Bread is a staple across North and West Africa, and most of that wheat is imported. When the global benchmark moves, food inflation and subsidy budgets move with it — as do the input costs of listed millers like Flour Mills of Nigeria.
Are these wheat prices real-time?
No — the global benchmark updates monthly. Every figure carries its source, cadence and as-of date.